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Discuss old Major’s dream and how he inspired the animals to revoit against tyranny of James?

As a modern novelist and social critic. George Orwell deals with modern politics, sociology and literature. He Lainly concerned with squaior dit, poverty and loss of individuality. His novels are a warning to the world that i totalitarian ideas are put into practice, we will be ving in a xoria of fear. He stanaries nis views on the importance individual liberty in this novel. It is a direct attack on Russian political policies But he does not critses Karl Marx or Lenin who established a new form of political theory in Russia.

In this novel, Orwell has presented Karl Marx and Lenir in forin of the Old Major. He is a middle white boar, and the most impressive, character in the novel. He wins prizes in exhibition under the name Willingdon Beauty. He is the experienced and the most aged arimal. Due to this. he is called by the other animals of the farm the Old Maior. He has a great reputation in the farm. He presents the facts of animal life before animals. He says that animals are nothing but puppets at the hands of men. He proves that no animal in England is free and misery and slavery is a plain truth of animal life. He awaken the spirit of freedom in animals. He says that they work hard to please their masters but in return they get only reduced food. He confirms that animals produce many important things but those things are used by men to make their lives more luxurious and when the animal ceases to produce those things, he is killed by men. Thus, he says that “no animal escapes the cruei knife in the end.” He gives the message to all the animals that “Whatever goes upon two legs, is an enemy, whatever goes upon four legs or has wings, is a friend.”

After giving the message of the cruelty of men, old Major teaches the animals the ways through which they can develop themselves like human beings and can get rid of them. He advises them not to imitate the actions of men. They should not live in houses and should not sleep in bed. He also advises them not to wear clothes, not to drink alcohol or smoke tobacco or touch money or engage in trade with men. His aim is to realize the animals that all the animals are equal. He also advises them that no animal should kill other animals. They should be aware that man is the only enemy of animals. So it is their duty to defeat him. At last of all, he gives them a song titled “Beasts of England”. The song tells about their glorious future. It also creates a revolutionary fervour in them. In this way, Old Major is a leader in true sense and his ability as a leader never seems to be in doubt. He creates the spirit of freedom and revolution in animals.

Just after three days of his speech, he dies. After revolution, he is regarded as a ‘Father of Farm’. He calls the animals ‘Comrades’, like Karl Marx and he lays emphasis on equality of animals. Old Major leaves an everlasting impression on all the animals. They feel great pleasure in singing the song ‘Beasts of England’. The Old Major stress on plural words like we, us, our etc. The style through which he presents his speech is very interesting. He says “Let us face it for we are given just so much food as we will keep breath in our bodies … … forced to work to the last atom of our strength, and at the very instant that our usefulness has come to an end, we are slaughtered with hideous cruelty”. It moves all the animals emotionally. After his death, they find themselves at a loss. His speech becomes a light for them. They formulate his thoughts in a system and name this system ‘Animalism’. After expulsion of Jones from the farm, the message of Old Major in the farm of seven commandment is written on the wall of the farm.

In this way, it may be said that the Old Major is one of the chief characters of the novel. Though he dies in the first chapter, yet his presence is felt till the last line of the novel. He is the most ideal character who possesses very strong leadership qualities. By creating his character, Orwell tries to say that he did not intend to criticize Lenin and Karl Marx in in novel, ‘Animal Farm’.