Essay On INDUSTRIALIZATION
Introduction
Industrialization has come to be regarded as synonymous with economic growth. No country desirous of rapid economic progress can afford to neglect industrialization. It can help the progress of agriculture, trade, transport and all other economic activities. Industrialization is the key to economic development. All advanced countries of the world are industrialized
Decline of British Industries during British Rule
Before the British rule in India, the economy of the country was balanced, developed and progressive. India had a well developed textile industry and metal industry. But during the British rule Indian industry declined and at the same time industries in Great Britain and other European countries grew at an astounding pace. The British rule destroyed the Indian progressive cottage industries.
Need for Industrialisation
Industrial growth brings a rapid increase in the national income of the country. In order to reduce the continued increasing pressure of exploding population on our developing economy, rapid industrialization is a must. Land is limited in area but industrialization has unlimited scope. So in the interest of Indian economy, rapid industrialization is needed for generating employment opportunities, utilization of all types of resources, promotion of education, training and research, improving the productivity of labour and balanced regional development.
Source of Employment & Scope for Specialisation
To set up large number of industrial units we can create more employment opportunites and absorb a large number of unemployed youths. Agriculture cannot use all resources. So industrialization is a must to make use of our resources. Industry can make use of waste materials. Industrialization widens horizon of our understanding and enables us to go through education and researches. Thus it will prove the quality of our manpower. We can use more capital and technologies. We can have division of work and specialisation in the industry. This will result in the improvement of productivity of labour. Industrialization is capable of removing regional disparities because barren lands can be used for this purpose. No fertile land and means of irrigation are needed for industrialization.
Utilisation of Surplus Man-power and use of Resources
Every region should be industrialised. Agriculture is over burdened with population. In order to absorb the manpower rendered surplus by the agriculture, there should be industries in the rural areas. All types of goods for all types of people should be produced in large, medium, cottage and small scale industries. In order to raise the standard of living of our people and to make the best possible use of our human and physical resource, the economy should be industrialized at faster rates. The solution of our problems lies in the rapid industrialization of the economy. There is unlimited scope of industrialization due to continued researches, introduction of new technologies and invention. To absorb our unemployed people, sincere efforts to revolutionize our industries should be done at faster rates. Realizing the need to industrialize the economy Pt. Jawaharlal Nehru had stated :
“God which all countries worship, is the God of industrialization, the God of machines and the God of high production.”
Aid: Synonymous-having same meaning, Astounding- amazing, चकित करने वाला Surplus- beyond what is needed, Burden- load, Opportunity- a good chance, Employment- service, Improvement- progress, Disparity- inequality.
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